ELECTRIC VEHICLE

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History:

It’s hard to pinpoint the invention of the electric car to one inventor or country. Instead it was a series of breakthroughs -- from the battery to the electric motor -- in the 1800s that led to the first electric vehicle on the road. 
In the early part of the century, innovators in Hungary, the Netherlands and the United States -- including a blacksmith from Vermont -- began toying with the concept of a battery-powered vehicle and created some of the first small-scale electric cars. And while Robert Anderson, a British inventor, developed the first crude electric carriage around this same time, it wasn’t until the second half of the 19th century that French and English inventors built some of the first practical electric cars.


How does the Electric Car engine work?

Electric cars function by plugging into a charge point and taking electricity from the grid. They store the electricity in rechargeable batteries that power an electric motor, which turns the wheels. Electric cars accelerate faster than vehicles with traditional fuel engines – so they feel lighter to drive.


What types of electric cars are there?

There are a few different types of electric vehicle (EV). Some run purely on electricity, these are called pure electric vehicles. And some can also be run on petrol or diesel, these are called hybrid electric vehicles.

·        Plug-in electric - This means the car runs purely on electricity and gets all its power when it's plugged in to charge. This type doesn't need petrol or diesel to run so doesn't produce any emissions like traditional cars.

·        Plug-in hybrid - These cars mainly run on electricity but also have a traditional fuel engine so you can use petrol or diesel too if they run out of charge. When running on fuel, these cars will produce emissions but when they're running on electricity, they won't. Plug-in hybrids can be plugged into an electricity source to recharge their battery.

·        Hybrid-electric - These run mainly on fuel like petrol or diesel but also have an electric battery too, which is recharged through regenerative braking. These let you switch between using your fuel engine and using 'EV' mode at the touch of a button. These cars cannot be plugged into an electricity source and rely on petrol or diesel for energy.



Key Components of All-Electric Cars:

·        Battery (all-electric auxiliary): In an electric drive vehicle, the auxiliary battery provides electricity to power vehicle accessories.

·        Charge port: The charge port allows the vehicle to connect to an external power supply in order to charge the traction battery pack.

·        DC/DC converter: This device converts higher-voltage DC power from the traction battery pack to the lower-voltage DC power needed to run vehicle accessories and recharge the auxiliary battery.

·        Electric traction motor: Using power from the traction battery pack, this motor drives the vehicle's wheels. Some vehicles use motor generators that perform both the drive and regeneration functions.

·        Onboard charger: Takes the incoming AC electricity supplied via the charge port and converts it to DC power for charging the traction battery. It also communicates with the charging equipment and monitors battery characteristics such as voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge while charging the pack.

·        Power electronics controller: This unit manages the flow of electrical energy delivered by the traction battery, controlling the speed of the electric traction motor and the torque it produces.

·        Thermal system (cooling): This system maintains a proper operating temperature range of the engine, electric motor, power electronics, and other components.

·        Traction battery pack: Stores electricity for use by the electric traction motor.

·        Transmission (electric): The transmission transfers mechanical power from the electric traction motor to drive the wheels. Learn more about electric vehicle..

                    

     The FUTURE of Electric Vehicle.




By-
SAGAR SUTAR 
Chief Technical Director,ELESA.










 

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